Carburetor



March 10, 1925. 1,528,787

C. L. RAYF'IELD CARBURETOR Filed Dec. 16, 1916 4 sheets-Shea 1 March 10, 1925. 1,528,787

C. L. RAYFIELD GARBURETOR Filed Dec. 16, 1916 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Mar. 10, 1925.

Q UNITED, STATES PATENT orrica.

CHARLES L. BAYFIIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASS IGNOR, TO BENEKE IMAN'UFACTUR- IN G COMPANY, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CABBUBETOBI.

Application fiIed December 16, 1916. Seriai'No. 137,372.

Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. RAYFIELD, a citizen of the'United States, and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and. useful Improvements in a Carburetor; and I do hereby declare that the followin is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the numerals of reference'marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a side outlet car buretor for an engine wherein a plurality of fuel jets are utilized, one operated by an auxiliary air valve, and another of which is normally open and manually actuatable to further open the same as well as adjustable to change the range of manual actuation thereof. The invention further utilizes means communicating directly Wltl1 l1l16 manifold of an engine to draw raw gasoline into the manlfold through a by-pass around the throttle valve when the throttle valve is open or closed, to afford an easy means of starting the engine.

It is Ian object therefore of this invention to contructa carburetor embracing a plurality/of air inlet passages and fuel supply nozzles with means for adjustment of valves governing the inlet of'air through said passages as well as the inlet of-fuel, and with means for introducing raw fuel into the manifold of the engine through the carbu-J retor beyond the throttle valve mounted'in the outlet thereof.

It is also an object of this invention to construct a carburetor provided with a plurality-of air inlet valves and fuel supply nozzles with one fuel nozzle controlled by one of said air supply valves and with means for inducing a flow of fuel under pressure to one of said fuel supply nozzles by a sudden opening movement'ofthe' air supply valves, and further, with means for introducing raw fuel directlyvfrom the carburetor-supply chamber into the manifoldof the engine to which the carburetor is attached, around the throttle valve when said throttle valve is open or is closed.

It is also an object of this invention to construct a carburetor provided with an adjustable 'normally'open fuel supply nozzle and an auxiliary fuel supply nozzle-adapted to be actuated. by an automatic air valve which also operates means to force fuel under pressure to both of said nozzles, together with'means for increasing the opening of one of said nozzles as well as establishing direct communication from the carburetor fuel supply to the manifold of the engine independent of the carburetor outlet passage controlled by the throttle valve. i

It is furthermore an important object of this invention to construct a carburetor provided with manually actuatable means for opening a fuel nozzle beyond normal, as well as to open a bypass connection between the source of fuel supply and a point beyond the throttle valve of the carburetor to enrich the mixture drawn from the carburetor, and, if desired, to draw raw gasoline directly into the manifold of the engine when the throt tle valve is closed to facilitate starting the motor. v

It is finally an object of this invention to construct a carburetor provided with an improved type of air inlet valve mechanism wherein an automatic air valve serves to ac tuatc a sleeve valve as well as operate an auxiliary fuel supply nozzle, furthermore I opening a butterfly valve to admit the fuel and air into a mixing chamber provided with a manually adjustable normally open fuel supply valveactuatable by means ca-' pable of establishing communication between the source of fuel supply and the manifold of the engine around the throttle valve.

The invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated inthe drawings and hereinafter more fully described. I

In the drawingsz. r Figure 1 is a slightly enlarged sect on on the line A'A of Figure% with parts in elevation.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the carburetor with the parts shown in the adjustment illustrated in Fig. 1.

Figure 3. is a view similar to Figpre l with parts shown in elevation.

Figure 45 is a detail sectional view taken Figure 7 is a sectional detail view on line 7-7 of Fig. 2.

Figure 8 is a detail section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 2.'

Figure 9 is an enlarged top plan view of the dash pot piston.

Figure 10 is a detail section taken on line l010ofFig.9.

Figure 11 is a detail section taken on line '11' 11 01' Fig. 2.

Figure 12 is a section on line 12-12 of Figure 1, with parts omitted and parts shown in bottom plan.

Figure 13 is a detail end view of one of the needle valves for a fuel nozzle Figure 14 is a fragmentary section detail through one side of the carburetor.

As shown in the drawings:

The carburetor consists of an integral casing comprising a lloat chamber 1, an air inlet chamber 2, and a mixing or carbureting chamber 3, the outlet from which is controlled by a throttle valve 1, secured on a pivot shaft 5, extending vertically through the carburetor casing and actuatable by a throttle lever 6. Formed beneath the inlet air chamber 2, and separated therefrom by a partition or lloor T, is a dash pot Clitlll'lilel S, the lower end of which is closed by a large tlosure plug 9, sealingly engaged therein.

As clearly shown in l ig'urc 11, a passage 10., communicates through the upper end of the dash pot chamber 8, into the float chamber l, to permit fuel to flow into the dash pot chamber, Threaded into the lower end of the float chamber 1, is a pass-aged plug 11, and threaded thereinto is another pas saged plug 12, which serves to clamp an annular or ring member 13, sealingly on the lower end of the float chamber, and said annular member 13, is provided with an in- .let pipe 1-1, to admit fuel into the float chamber. A screen 15, i disposed around the lower end of said passe ged plug member 11, through which the fuel is admitted from the annular member 13 for passage into the float chamber. A spun metal float 16, is provided within the float chamber, serving to control the movement of an admission valve for fuel through said associated plug members 11 and 12, in a man-- ner well known in the art, and therefore not shown nor described in detaiL' A View aperture provided with a disk of glass 17, is provided in one wall of the float chamber to ascertain the level of fluid therein,

and said float chamber is closed at its upper.

end by a cover 18.

Extending into the upper end of the air inlet chamber 2, is a ring valve seat mem ber 19. and adjustable to move into closed relation therewith is an automatic air inlet valve 20,'mounted on the upper end of a stem 21, which is slidably mounted through assays? an 'apertured boss formed on the floor or partition wall 7, at the bottom of the inlet air chamber, and at its lower end said stem is provided with a piston 22, movable in the dash pot cha nber 8. A compression spring 23, is coiled about said stem 21, bearing up wardly beneath the valve 20, to normally thrust the same upwardly into closed relation with the ring member 19, said spring bearing downwardly upon the boss formed on said partition floor 7. Communicating into one side or" the air inlet chamber 2, is an air inlet port into which is secured a cylindrical valve cage or spider 24, having slidably mountet therein a cylindrical sleeve valve 25. Surrounding and enclosing the outer end of the valve cage 24, is an integral rounded shield or hood, 26, open at its lower end through which the air is allowed to enter for passage through the valve cage in amounts dependent upon the adjustment oi. the sleeve valve Said shield and valve cage member, is held rigidly in position by two screws 28,- threaded through the shield member into the end of the carburetor casing. A stem 29, is secured axially within said valve cage Qi, and as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, said sleeve valve 25, is provided with an elongated hub 30, s'lidable upon said stem 29, and provided with a defleeting head 31, at its inner end'adapted to disperse the entering air peripherally therearound as it enters the chamber 2.

Pivoted at the entrance end of the mixing chamber 3, to control the flow of fluid from the air inlet chamber 2, thereinto, is a butterfly valve 32, connected to the inner end of the member 30, by a pair .of long links or levers 33, one disposed on each side of the valve stem 21. Rigidly secured upon the under side of the automatic valve 20, is a yoke-shaped bracket 34, the extending arms of which are connected by links 35, to said respective levers Threaded intothe partition floor 7, in the bottom of the. air inlet chamber 2, is a fuel nozzle 36, which extends upwardly between therespective pairs of connected links and levers 33 and 35, and, as shown in detail in F ig. 14, provided on its interior with tubn lar member 37, which is secured to the piston 22, over an aperture 38 therethrough communicating with that portion of the dashpot chamber 8, beneath said piston. Slidably mounted within the tubular nozzle 36, is a tapered metering pin 39, which extends through the aperture in the upper end of said nozzle member 36, to a point beneath "the automatic air valve 20. \Vhen the valve 20, moves downwardly, the same will serve to thrust said metering pin 39, downwardly, thereby opening an annular orifice around the metering pin for exit oi fuel. Said metering pin 39, is normally held thrust upwardly by a coiled compreslUU was,

sion spring 40, disposed within said nozzle 36,, and bearing atits lower end upon an interior shoulde'r formed in the member 37 As clearly shown in Fig. 14, said metering pin39, is provided with a passage 41, therethrough, the upper end of which, when the neath said nozzle is a'small. fuel chamber 43, closed by a threaded plug 44, receiving fuel through a passage 45, communicating 1 therewith and with the dash pot chamber 8.

' A tubular needle valve 46, having fuel passages therethrough, is provided to regulate the area of opening of the aperture at the upper end of thenozzle42, and said needle valve is provided with a notchedfiller plug 47 mounted in the upper end thereof. Said tubular needle valve is slidably mounted through a sleeve element 48, secured on the carburetor casing. A spring 49, is coiled within the upper end of the sleeve element 48, and bears downwardly upon the filler plug 47,

of the needle valve, to normally impel said needle valve toward closed relation with the fuel nozzle 42. A shell or sleeve element 46,

- is secured around the lower end of the needle crank 52, pivoted on the upper end of said member 48. Said crank 52, is provided with .a'set screw 53, having a. knurled head 54,

for adjustment of the same,'held in different adjusted'positions by a spring detent 55, mounted in an extension of said crank. Journalled upon the upper end of the member 48, as clearly shown in Figure 1, is a lever 56, having a cam shaped or eccentric .hub ring 57,as'clearly shown in Figures 2 and 8, adapted when said lever 56, is rotated on the sleeve 48, to contact the end of the set screw 53;. thereby causing pivotal movement le? of the crank 52, outwardly therefrom to eleveto the tooth 51, of the crank, and con- I sequently lift the needle valve 46. Anattaching or binding post 58, is provided on the outer end of the lever 56, for attaclu'nent of a lever or Wire thereto to actuate said lever. Mechanism is provided for introducing raw ,gasoline'from the carburetor into the manifold of the engine at two different points beyond the throttle valve 4, when the throttle valve is closed, or even if the same is open if the suction draft is sufiicient for the purpose, which is brought into operation by movement of the lever 56, from normal transverse position relative the mixing chamber 3 to a substantially longitudinal relation therewith. For this purpose, a small pipe 59, leads downwardly within the float chamber 1, as clearly shown in Figure 11, and upwardly therefrom. to the upper end of the air inlet chamber 2, and there communicates with a passage 59 cored within the casingwall of said air inlet chamber 2, as clearly shown in Figure 1, and communicates into a tubular boss 60, formed on the top wall of the mixing chamber Another passage 61, formed within the top wall of the mixing chamber 3, communicates into said tubular boss 60, at another point therein, and leads forwardly and communicates tl'irough the top wall of the mixing chamber 3, at a point beyond thethrottle valve 4, therein, as clearly shown in Figure 12. A spring impelled piston 60*, is mounted within said boss 60, and is normally positioned to close the pas sages which communicate into said boss 60, but projects outwardly through the end of the boss so as to be capable of being thrust inwardly, thereby establishing communication between said passages through said tubular boss. However, when an exceedingly rich mixtureis desired, as, for instance, when the motor is cold, the lever56, is rotated counter-clockwise referring to Fig. 2, so that a tail extension 62, formed on said lever 56, will serve to thrust said piston 60, inwardly in said tubular boss 60, as clearly shown in Figure 2, and as a consequence, the suction draft from the engine will be transmitted thrpugh the passage 61, to the pipe 59, communicating therewith through the tubular boss 60, and raw gasoline will be drawn upwardly through said passages for introduction into the engine manifold from the float chamber of the carburetor, The adjustment of the lever 56, in the manner described will also serve to elevate the needle valve 46, into open position to admit a large quantity of fuel through the nozzle42. Another passage 61"*, is cored within the top wall of the mixing chamber 3, leading outwardly through the inner wall surface of the casing at a point beyond the throttle valve, 4', as shown inFigure 12. The tubular needle valve 46, is provided with a port61 near its upper end 'adapted to register with said passage 61, when the lever 56, is swung rearwa rdly and said needle valve 46, elevated ber 63, is secured upon the outer end of the pivot shaft 5, for the throttle valve 4, adapted-to strike against any suitable projection on the casing to limit the opening and closing movements of the throttle valve, there being a set screw 64, secured in said stop member, adjustable to limit the closure of the throttle valve to the desired amount whereby the engine to which the carburetor is connected may be permitted to properly idle at long speed. i i

Referring back to the dash pot piston 22, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, thesame is provided with apertures (35, therethrough, and an automatically operating disk check, valve (iii, is slidahly mounted on the under side of the piston '32, adapted-to close said apertures during downward movement of the piston and to open the. smile during upward movement thereof.

The operation is as follows:

".lhe control of the quantity of fuel mixture flowing from the carburetor to the en gine. is etl'erted entirely by adjustmentof the throttle valve -t, but adjustment of said throttle valve has no effect directly upon the adjustment of the fuel or air inlet means 'for the carburetor, these means operating automatically to form a proper fuel mixture for all conditions of operation of the engine. The draft induced through the carlouretor by the engine causes the air valve 20, to be drawn downwardly and movement of this valve is transmitted to the butterfly valve 32, through the short linhs 35, which depress the long levers 32.3, to swing said butterfly valve 3L, toward open position. As the draft through the carburetor increases, the automatic valve 20, is drawn still further downwardly, thus not only swinging the long levers 32L downwardly, to-opeu the buttertly valve 32, but thrusting the same forwardly so as to draw the cylindrical sleeve valve inwardly, to open the auxiliary air port through the shield'QG. In any event,

- downward movement of the air valve 20,

serves to depress the metering pin, 39, which controls the fuel nozzle 36,.to allow a flow of fuel through the-end or annular orifice thereof." Fuel also flows through the )assage 4-1,beforethemetering-pinisdepresse The fuel nozzle 4-2, mounted within the mixing chamber 3, is normally open a predetermined amount, so that for idling speed of the en- 'gine,'s11tiicient fuel for the purpose will be drawn through the nozzle .42. The ad justment of the normal opening of the nozzle -12, is readily effected by turning the knurled head at, of the set screw 5?,mounted inthe ornate 52, which maintains the needle valve to, elevated against the stress of its spring 49.

If it is desired to increase the quantity .of fuel admitted to the mixture in the carburetor, as, for instance when the motor i is cold, the lever 56, may be swung rearthe .manifold of the engine from the carburetor, as, for instance, When it IS desired to start the engine. For tlns purpose, the

lever 56, referred to, is swung counter-clockwise, referring to Figure 2, into its extreme position rearwardly so that the extension 62, thereof, thrusts the piston 60, inwardly into the tubular boss (30, in the carburetor casing, and preferably, the throttle valve at, is closed, so that when the engine is the throttle valve may he opened if desired,

and a flow of fuel will still take place issuing from the pipe 5.), and passage 61, so long as the extension 6:2, of the lever 56, is held against the end of the piston 60, to hold the same retarded.

The piston disposed in the dash pot chamber 81 is connected'for operation by the air valve 20, serving to prevent fluttering of said valve 20, and the associated valves 25 and 32, operated thereby, so that an even steady movement thereof takes place in accordance with the changes in draft induced through the carburetor according to operating conditions of the engine.

The fuel nozzle affords an ellicicut means for carburetion of air, owing to the fact that a certain quantity of air is drawn upwardly through theshell or sleeve -16, pastthe annular fuel oritice of the nozzle 42, and upwardly with the fuel through the passages in the needle valve itself for emis sion through the side outlet ports therein a the middle portion thereof, as shown in Figure 7. Furthermore, a flow of f.-.iel mixture may take place from through the port in the upper end of the tubular needle valve 46, through the passage 61, around the throttle valve 4, and when said throttle valve "t, is closed and said lever 56, is swung into its rearward extreme position, a supply of raw fuel will be drawn upwardly through the open needle valve 46, and introduced around the throttle valve through the passage Gl.

I am a are that the details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the iirinciples of this invention, and I therefore do not purpose limitiug the patent granted otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a carburetor of the class described the: combination with a float chamber, air inlets and fuel inlet means, of a throttle waive controlling the flow of mixture from the carburetor, a lever controlling the adjustment of said fuel inlet means, and means adapted to be operated at the limit of moveion llt)

ment of said lever to establish suction comyond said mixture outlet means, means disposed normally to close communication between said passages, and mechanism controlling adjustment of said fuel valve adapted to open said means to establish suction effect between said passage for introduction of raw fuel at a oint beyond the mixture outlet means and independent of the adjustment thereof.

3. Ina carburetor, a-mixing chamber, a throttle valve controllingythe exit of the mixture from said chamber, a fuel supply means in said mixing chamber, means for adjusting the outlet of said fuel supply means to regulate the fuel supplied thereby while the throttle valve is open, and means rendered operative by the movement of said adjusting means to and by the closin of the throttle valve to supply fuel beyon the throttle valve.

the limit in one direction I 4. in a carburetor having a mixin r chamber, the combination with a thrott e valve controlling the outflow of fuel mixture from the mixing chamber, of an auxiliary fuel supply means inside. the mixing chamber, normally 'closed means for supplying fuel to a point in the carburetor posterior to the throttle-valve, and a, mechanism for adjusting the outlet of said auxiliary fuel supply means, said mechanism including a rotatably mounted part and upon the rotation of said part in one direction causing diminution in the flow of fuel and upon reversal of rotation causing increase in said flow and also opening said second mentioned means to allow fuel to flow therethrough.

In a carburetor of the class described a fuel valve, means for operating the same manually, raw fuel passages normally out of communication with one another, and means by movement serving to open the comn'iunication between said passages, said means positively operated by the means for operatmg said fuel valve.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two v subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES L. RAYFIELD.

Witnesses:

OHARLns W. HILLS, Jr., EARL M. HARDINE. 

